STP -spanning tree protocol
- it is used to create loopfree topology
- each cisco switch has its own mac address and bridge id
- bridge id=switch mac address + bridge priority
- bridge id is used to elect main switch or root switch which is then responsible to send updates to neighbours
- switch with lowest bridge id is called as root bridge
- all ports of root bridge are in forwarding state
- stp allows only single path for each destination
- it blocks multiple path to avoid flooding of data
- stp IS BYDEFAULT ENABLED IN EACH CISCO SWITCH
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